Robotic-assisted surgery uses a computer-controlled robotic system to augment the surgeon’s precision during joint replacement and other complex procedures. In orthopaedics, the robotic arm (such as the MAKO system) guides the surgeon to place implants with sub-millimetre accuracy based on a pre-operative 3D plan. The robot does not operate independently — the surgeon is in full control at all times. Studies show robotic-assisted joint replacement achieves more accurate implant positioning, more natural limb alignment, and potentially longer implant survival compared with conventional techniques.