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To summarize, it is seen that dry limestone which is relatively unreactive with respect to untreated flue gas, is highly reactive if the flue gas has been cooled and treated with water vapor to substantially complete saturation. <a href="http://www.lightcrusher.com/solutions/working-principle-of-jaw-crusher.html">Working principle of jaw crusher</a>.This enhanced reactivity is of extended duration and diminishes only as a relatively thick layer (1/16 inch) of reaction products is formed on the surface of the limestone. The duration of the enhanced reactivity is seen to increase as the water saturation temperature approaches the gas temperature as it flows through the bed. At substantially complete saturation, where at least some condensation is seen on the bed, the reactivity is enhanced to greater than 90% removal efficiency, with 100% efficiency attainable for low space velocities.

The role of water vapor in catalyzing the reaction is not understood. Some surface reactivity is attainable without adding additional water vapor, merely by cooling typical flue gas to about 140°-180°F. <a href="http://www.lightcrusher.com/solutions/grinding-mill-in-south-africa.html">Grinding mill in south africa</a>.Very high reactivity due to subsurface reactions may be attained by adding additional water vapor which in turn cools the flue gas to the preferred temperature range (140°-180°F) by the process of evaporative cooling. It is believed that the higher degree of saturation, attained by adding water vapor to a point where at least some condensation occurs on the bed, catalyzes the subsurface reaction and the accompanying release of CO2, thereby accounting for the extended duration of the enhanced reactivity.